"cirst" meaning in All languages combined

See cirst on Wiktionary

Verb [Latvian]

Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei, derived from a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”). Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|lv|ine-bsl-pro|*kirstei|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei, {{inh+|lv|ine-bsl-pro|*kirstei}} Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei, {{der|lv|ine-pro|*(s)ker-||to cut}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”) Head templates: {{head|lv|verb|transitive||1st conjugation||||||present|cērtu, cērt, cērt|past|cirtu|head=cirst|head2=|sort=}} cirst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cērtu, cērt, cērt, past cirtu), {{lv-verb|tr|1st|cērt|cērt||cirt}} cirst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cērtu, cērt, cērt, past cirtu) Inflection templates: {{lv-conj|cir|cērt|1st|cērt||cirt|ī|zstd=t}}, {{lv-conj-1|cir|cērt|cērt||cirt|ī||inf=|kc=|pass=|pol=|prespart=|refl=|stem2=|sz=|zstd=t}}, {{lv-conj-table|cērtu|cērt|cērt|cērtam|cērtat|cirtu|cirti|cirta|cirtām|cirtāt|cirtīšu|cirtīsi|cirtīs|cirtīsim|cirtīsiet, cirtīsit|cērt|cērtiet|cērtot|cirtīšot|cirstu|jācērt|jācērtot|cērtošs|cirzdams|cērtot|cērtam|cirtis|cērtams|cirsts|ciršana|inf=|pass=|pol=|prespart=|refl=|type=1st}} Forms: conjugation [first-person], cērtu [present], cērt [present], cirtu [past], no-table-tags [table-tags], es [first-person, indicative, singular], cērtu [first-person, indicative, present, singular], cirtu [first-person, indicative, past, singular], cirtīšu [first-person, future, indicative, singular], - [first-person, imperative, singular], tu [indicative, second-person, singular], cērt [indicative, present, second-person, singular], cirti [indicative, past, second-person, singular], cirtīsi [future, indicative, second-person, singular], cērt [imperative, second-person, singular], viņš [indicative, singular, third-person], viņa [indicative, singular, third-person], cērt [indicative, present, singular, third-person], cirta [indicative, past, singular, third-person], cirtīs [future, indicative, singular, third-person], lai cērt [imperative, singular, third-person], mēs [first-person, indicative, plural], cērtam [first-person, indicative, plural, present], cirtām [first-person, indicative, past, plural], cirtīsim [first-person, future, indicative, plural], cirtīsim [first-person, imperative, plural], jūs [indicative, plural, second-person], cērtat [indicative, plural, present, second-person], cirtāt [indicative, past, plural, second-person], cirtīsiet [future, indicative, plural, second-person], cirtīsit [future, indicative, plural, second-person], cērtiet [imperative, plural, second-person], viņi [indicative, plural, third-person], viņas [indicative, plural, third-person], cērt [indicative, plural, present, third-person], cirta [indicative, past, plural, third-person], cirtīs [future, indicative, plural, third-person], lai cērt [imperative, plural, third-person], cērtot [present, renarrative], cērtošs [error-unrecognized-form, participle], esot cirtis [past, renarrative], cirzdams [error-unrecognized-form, participle], cirtīšot [future, renarrative], cērtot [error-unrecognized-form, participle], lai cērtot [imperative], cērtam [error-unrecognized-form, participle], cirtis [active, conditional, participle, past], cirstu [conditional, present], cērtams [error-unrecognized-form, participle], būtu cirtis [conditional, past], cirsts [participle, passive, past], jācērt [debitive, indicative], būt jācērt [debitive, indicative], cirst [error-unrecognized-form, infinitive], esot jācērt [conditional, debitive, error-unrecognized-form], necirst [error-unrecognized-form], jācērtot [conditional, debitive, error-unrecognized-form], ciršana [error-unrecognized-form, noun-from-verb]
  1. to chop, to cut, to hew Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-cirst-lv-verb-AW40nPJ~
  2. to cut down, to fell Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-cirst-lv-verb-uGmVPqgz Categories (other): Latvian entries with incorrect language header, Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t, Latvian first conjugation verbs in -zt or -st, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Latvian entries with incorrect language header: 30 70 Disambiguation of Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t: 29 71 Disambiguation of Latvian first conjugation verbs in -zt or -st: 29 71 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 35 65 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 23 77
     
{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*kirstei",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/kirstei"
    ],
    [
      "*(s)ker-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)ker-"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kirstei",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kirstei"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ker-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei, derived from a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtu",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtu",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jūs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot cirtis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirzdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "conditional",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirstu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu cirtis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirsts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jācērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jācērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "debitive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "necirst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "debitive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciršana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "cērtu, cērt, cērt",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "cirtu",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "transitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "1st conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "cirst",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cirst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cērtu, cērt, cērt, past cirtu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "1st",
        "3": "cērt",
        "4": "cērt",
        "5": "",
        "6": "cirt"
      },
      "expansion": "cirst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cērtu, cērt, cērt, past cirtu)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cir",
        "2": "cērt",
        "3": "1st",
        "4": "cērt",
        "5": "",
        "6": "cirt",
        "7": "ī",
        "zstd": "t"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cir",
        "2": "cērt",
        "3": "cērt",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cirt",
        "6": "ī",
        "7": "",
        "inf": "",
        "kc": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem2": "",
        "sz": "",
        "zstd": "t"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-1"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cērtu",
        "10": "cirtāt",
        "11": "cirtīšu",
        "12": "cirtīsi",
        "13": "cirtīs",
        "14": "cirtīsim",
        "15": "cirtīsiet,\ncirtīsit",
        "16": "cērt",
        "17": "cērtiet",
        "18": "cērtot",
        "19": "cirtīšot",
        "2": "cērt",
        "20": "cirstu",
        "21": "jācērt",
        "22": "jācērtot",
        "23": "cērtošs",
        "24": "cirzdams",
        "25": "cērtot",
        "26": "cērtam",
        "27": "cirtis",
        "28": "cērtams",
        "29": "cirsts",
        "3": "cērt",
        "30": "ciršana",
        "4": "cērtam",
        "5": "cērtat",
        "6": "cirtu",
        "7": "cirti",
        "8": "cirta",
        "9": "cirtām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "type": "1st"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to chop, to cut, to hew"
      ],
      "id": "en-cirst-lv-verb-AW40nPJ~",
      "links": [
        [
          "chop",
          "chop"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "hew",
          "hew"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "29 71",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -zt or -st",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 65",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "23 77",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut down, to fell"
      ],
      "id": "en-cirst-lv-verb-uGmVPqgz",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut down",
          "cut down"
        ],
        [
          "fell",
          "fell"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cirst"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latvian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latvian first conjugation verbs",
    "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -t",
    "Latvian first conjugation verbs in -zt or -st",
    "Latvian irregular first conjugation verbs",
    "Latvian lemmas",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Latvian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latvian terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Latvian transitive verbs",
    "Latvian verbs",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*kirstei",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/kirstei"
    ],
    [
      "*(s)ker-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)ker-"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kirstei",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*kirstei"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ker-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to cut"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kirstei, derived from a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtu",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "tags": [
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtu",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lv-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīšu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņš",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mēs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtām",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jūs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtāt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīsit",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtiet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "viņas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtošs",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot cirtis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirzdams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtīšot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "renarrative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lai cērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirtis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "conditional",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirstu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cērtams",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būtu cirtis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirsts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "būt jācērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "debitive",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cirst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "esot jācērt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "debitive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "necirst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "jācērtot",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "debitive",
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciršana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "10": "",
        "11": "present",
        "12": "cērtu, cērt, cērt",
        "13": "past",
        "14": "cirtu",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "transitive",
        "4": "",
        "5": "1st conjugation",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "cirst",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "cirst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cērtu, cērt, cērt, past cirtu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "1st",
        "3": "cērt",
        "4": "cērt",
        "5": "",
        "6": "cirt"
      },
      "expansion": "cirst (transitive, 1st conjugation, present cērtu, cērt, cērt, past cirtu)",
      "name": "lv-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cir",
        "2": "cērt",
        "3": "1st",
        "4": "cērt",
        "5": "",
        "6": "cirt",
        "7": "ī",
        "zstd": "t"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cir",
        "2": "cērt",
        "3": "cērt",
        "4": "",
        "5": "cirt",
        "6": "ī",
        "7": "",
        "inf": "",
        "kc": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "stem2": "",
        "sz": "",
        "zstd": "t"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-1"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cērtu",
        "10": "cirtāt",
        "11": "cirtīšu",
        "12": "cirtīsi",
        "13": "cirtīs",
        "14": "cirtīsim",
        "15": "cirtīsiet,\ncirtīsit",
        "16": "cērt",
        "17": "cērtiet",
        "18": "cērtot",
        "19": "cirtīšot",
        "2": "cērt",
        "20": "cirstu",
        "21": "jācērt",
        "22": "jācērtot",
        "23": "cērtošs",
        "24": "cirzdams",
        "25": "cērtot",
        "26": "cērtam",
        "27": "cirtis",
        "28": "cērtams",
        "29": "cirsts",
        "3": "cērt",
        "30": "ciršana",
        "4": "cērtam",
        "5": "cērtat",
        "6": "cirtu",
        "7": "cirti",
        "8": "cirta",
        "9": "cirtām",
        "inf": "",
        "pass": "",
        "pol": "",
        "prespart": "",
        "refl": "",
        "type": "1st"
      },
      "name": "lv-conj-table"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latvian",
  "lang_code": "lv",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to chop, to cut, to hew"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chop",
          "chop"
        ],
        [
          "cut",
          "cut"
        ],
        [
          "hew",
          "hew"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to cut down, to fell"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut down",
          "cut down"
        ],
        [
          "fell",
          "fell"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cirst"
}

Download raw JSONL data for cirst meaning in All languages combined (8.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Latvian]; cleaned text: es",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
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  "path": [
    "cirst"
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  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
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  "path": [
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  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
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  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Latvian]; cleaned text: mēs",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
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  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
  "msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Latvian]; cleaned text: jūs",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2457",
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  "path": [
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  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present active 1 (adj.)'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present active 2 (adv.)'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present active 3 (adv.)'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present active 4 (obj.)'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'present passive'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominal forms'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conjunctive 1'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'negative infinitive'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'conjunctive 2'",
  "path": [
    "cirst"
  ],
  "section": "Latvian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "cirst",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.